Surface modification of aluminum by runaway electron preionized diffuse discharges in different gases at atmospheric pressure

The paper presents the results of an examination of aluminum samples exposed to runaway electron preionized diffuse discharges in air, nitrogen, and argon at atmospheric pressure. The changes in the chemical composition, structure, and hardness of the aluminum surface layers caused by the action of the discharge were investigated. It has been found that the oxygen and carbon concentrations in the surface layers depend on the number of discharge pulses and on the chemical composition of the working gas. The goal of the study was to find possible uses of runaway electron preionized diffuse discharges in research and industry

Numerical Modeling of Physic-Chemical Processes of Multicore Cable in the Polymerization

There are developed mathematical model of physical and chemical processes of polymerization adhesive coating stranded cable. There are found time of full polymerization in the shell of the multicore cable product. There are compared with the single-core cable. Also the necessity of changing the speed of the cable pulling the multilayer product compared with single-core

Anforderungen und Lösungen für den Aufbau und Betrieb einer Aerospace Virtual Company

Wie bereits in der Automobilbranche üblich, wird ebenfalls in der Luft- und Raumfahrt eine deutliche Restrukturierung der Zulieferkette vollzogen. Zur Ausschöpfung von Einsparpotenzialen erfolgt bei großen europäischen Konzernen (EADS, astrium, Airbus, Lagardere, usw.) eine Konzentration auf wenige strategische Zulieferer (unter 10) zur Bereitstellung von Systemlösungen. Die vormals erheblichen Aufwände für Koordination und Auditierung der Zulieferer durch die Flugzeughersteller werden somit auf so genannte Systemintegratoren abgewälzt. Dabei handelt es sich zumeist um mittelständische Firmen oder Abteilungen von Großkonzernen, die wiederum Unteraufträge an überwiegend kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMU) vergeben. Doch auch hier wird die Forderung erhoben, “Lösungen statt Teile” anzubieten, um den Aufwand hinsichtlich des Managements vieler Partner zu minimieren. Daraus folgt für KMU im Bereich Luft- und Raumfahrt, ihr bisheriges Leistungsspektrum in Dienstleistung, Engineering und Produktion erweitern zu müssen. Für Unternehmen dieser Größenordnung ist dies zumeist nur durch flexible Kooperation möglich, beispielsweise im Rahmen von Kooperationsnetzen, die bedarfsabhängig virtuelle Unternehmen (VU) durch Zusammenschluss von Firmen für die Bearbeitung je eines Auftrages bilden. Dabei stehen die beteiligten KMU vor den neuen Herausforderungen, gerade im Bereich der Arbeitsgestaltung und -organisation und im Bereich der Verwendung von technischen Hilfsmitteln zur Unterstützung der Arbeit in diesen flexiblen Zulieferkooperationen Lösungen zu finden

The Problem of Shortage of Foreign Language Training for Students During Professional Skills Development in the Field of Mechatronics

The article notes the shortage of foreign language training for Russian students studying in the Electric Drive and Automation program that hinders a successful mastering of professional engineering skills in the field of mechatronics. The absence of a holistic approach to language training is described on the example of the federal educational standards for Power and Electrical Engineering and similar educational programs. The article gives examples of an approach to solving this problem, which is used in some universities of the Siberian Federal District and it proposes the concept of using a foreign language in the professional training, aimed at overcoming the problem

3D Assembly Group Analysis for Cognitive Automation

A concept that allows the cognitive automation of robotic assembly processes is introduced. An assembly cell comprised of two robots was designed to verify the concept. For the purpose of validation a customer-defined part group consisting of Hubelino bricks is assembled. One of the key aspects for this process is the verification of the assembly group. Hence a software component was designed that utilizes the Microsoft Kinect to perceive both depth and color data in the assembly area. This information is used to determine the current state of the assembly group and is compared to a CAD model for validation purposes. In order to efficiently resolve erroneous situations, the results are interactively accessible to a human expert. The implications for an industrial application are demonstrated by transferring the developed concepts to an assembly scenario for switch-cabinet systems

Селянський рух в Харківській губернії (1917–1921 рр.)

Дисертацію присвячено комплексному дослідженню розвитку селянського руху в Харківській губернії в період Української революції 1917–1921 рр. Доведено, що невирішені проблеми у сфері аграрних відносин спричинили селянський рух і розгортання збройного конфлікту на Харківщині у 1917–1921 рр. Порівняно ступінь активної участі у революційних подіях у даному регіоні різних соціальних груп населення. Обґрунтовано тезу, що у період Української революції 1917–1921 рр. представники лівих політичних партій вживали поняття "куркуль" для визначення власників індивідуальних селянських господарств, які бажали зберегти приватну власність на землю й активно захищали свої економічні, політичні та національні права. З'ясовано, що невирішеність національного питання була одним з важливих чинників посилення селянського руху у Харківській губернії. Досліджено взаємозв'язок селянського повстанського руху сусідніх регіонів з селянським рухом у Харківській губернії та встановлено, що найбільш впливовими та популярними серед сільського населення регіону було махновське і "уенерівське" повстанство. Розглянуто процес радикалізації селянського руху у 1917–1921 рр., висвітлено пасивні й активні, нелегальні та легальні форми боротьби селянства за свої економічні, політичні та національні інтереси. Узагальнено наслідки селянського руху

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat